I have never worked with lava, because I always studied explosive eruptions. Effusive eruptions create lava- this is because the magma is more runny. But explosive eruptions have stickier lava that breaks up really explosively when the pressure in the magma chamber drops- the kind of eruptions that creates massive clouds of ash high up into the atmosphere. Because they’re so dangerous, we often study them by looking at the rocks they form, by scrambling about on the top of the volcano when it’s sleeping in between eruptions. Hopefully this cartoon explains a bit what my volcano studying involved:
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